The Stata And Hlm Software - 1316 Words

The HSLS data was collected through a stratified two stage sampling process. That is, 944 schools (including public, private, and charter schools) were sampled in the first stage and in the second stage 25, 206 students selected in 50 states in the District of Columbia (Ingels et al., 2011, 2014). There were approximately 27 students selected per school. To cater for the complex sampling, the data include weights (students weights, parent weights, teacher weights, counselor weights, and school weights) that should be used to account for the sampling and non-response at the two stages of the data collecting process. For these reasons STATA and HLM software will be used in the data analysis process because these software can be used with weights and correction of standard error. The HSLS has missing data that has been cleaned and the analysis process made easier because the data includes variables in which imputation methods (weighted sequential hot-deck [WSHD] were used to replace the missing data (see Ingels et al., 2011, 2014). To answer the first research question that examines the trends in (i) algebra achievement, (ii) OTL across the three time points analysis using descriptive statistics to compare differences by race, location, States, SES, and school type will be used and presented using a combination of line graphs and histograms. The algebra achievement used will be the probability of proficiency scores, which is criterion referenced, to show the gains in