A Tale of Four Learners Summary Essay

Bernice McCarthys’ essay, â€Å"A Tale of Four Learners,† is about her classifications of the different types of learners based on the system she created, THE 4MAT. The four types of learners are: Type 1 learners, Type 2 learners, Type 3 learners, and Type 4 learners. The names of the people she uses in the essay are Lisa, Marcus, Jimmy, and Leah. Linda was a highly imaginative student who favored feelings and reflecting. She was a Type 1 learner, who struggled with math but was great at writing poetry, until a college professor connected her poetry to statistics. Type 1 learners prefer to learn by talking, listening, and watching then responding. Type 1 learners work well in groups or teams, but dislike confusion and conflict. They experience difficulty in long explanations, and memorizing large amounts of information. Marcus was the analytic student who favored reflecting and thinking. Marcus was a Type 2 learner who found school as an absolute joy. Type 2 learners prefer to learn through lectures and objective explanations, and unlike Type 1 learners, Type 2 learners prefer to work alone. They are highly organized and experience difficulty learning in noisy, high-activity environments, and as well in talking about their feelings. Jimmy was a common-sense learner who favored thinking and doing. As a Type 3 Learner Jimmy was a great problem solver and was drawn to how things work. Type 3 learners prefer to learn through step-by-step procedures and experimentation. They experience difficulty when reading is the primary means of learning, and they too have difficulty expressing their feelings. Leah was a dynamic learner who favored creating and acting. Leah, as a Type 4 learner sustains learning by trial and error. They prefer learning through self-discovery, creative solutions to problems, and working independently. Type 4 learners experience difficulty with unquestionable routines, visual complexity, and time management. In conclusion, all the different types of learners have their own way of making learning easier for their own well-being. They all have their own struggles, and should not be frowned upon because of that but should be encouraged so they can grow.

Recommendations for the Best Interests of a Child Essay

Ted and Joanna Kramer have been married for six years before she decided to leave him and their son Billy. She believes that she is unfit to continue being a mother and has decided to force her husband into taking care of their child by simply leaving. Mr. Kramer had been ignorant of the depression that has gripped his wife through more than half of their married life because he was too busy with his job. Both father and son were hoping that Mrs. Kramer would come back but weeks turned to months and she would just write letters. Meanwhile, Mr. Kramer and the child have been able to establish their own relationship and routines. They grew fond of each other and have learned to put more effort in keeping their bond stronger. On the other hand, Mrs. Kramer had transferred to another state and has been undergoing therapy. Upon realizing that she does have self-worth, she decided to come back to work in New York and fight for custody. Mr. Kramer is equally determined to keep the child because he was not sure if his wife was stable enough to really take care of their son. Recommendation The court must ensure that its decision would be for the best interests of Billy Kramer who is now seven years old. Upon examination of the situation and both parties’ relationship to each other, the recommendation is for both parents to share legal custody of the child. Physical custody shall be solely granted to the father, Ted Kramer. Joanna Kramer shall be allowed visitation rights. Recommendations are based on the following reasons: 1. Although both parents show great affection for their son, the absence of a caring father at home may be particularly tough for a boy; those who see little of their fathers during their childhoods and have no substitute male presence in their lives may later have trouble making and keeping friends. (Eisenberg, et. al. , 1996, p. 792) 2. Although records from Mrs. Kramer’s psychologist show, her positive response to therapy, approximately six years of depression cannot be solved in merely fifteen months. It would be wise for Mrs. Kramer to gain more understanding of herself and her own needs before she takes custody of their child. 3. Billy Kramer has already established a daily routine with his father and this has helped this child cope with the distressful absence of his mother. Should the court decide to grant Joanna Kramer full custody, this shall uproot Billy from the lifestyle he has already gotten used to and may affect him negatively. 4. Joint legal custody in this case shall be needed to support the child’s needs. Mrs. Kramer’s salary is higher than Mr. Kramer’s and Billy would benefit most if both parents can provide his needs financially. 5. The impact of change on the child must be taken into consideration. When parents live far away, it can be hard for children to maintain a feeling of continuity between both of their homes. (Davis & Keyser, 1997, p. 391) 6. In general, custody laws and decisions favor continued and frequent contact between the child and both parents, as well as an ongoing role for both parents in the raising of their children. (http://www. healthline. com/galecontent/child-custody-laws) Visitation rights for Mrs. Kramer can help Billy feel secure about his family and self. Evaluation has been done to ensure the child’s interest and therefore, the recommendation is for both parents to share legal custody; Mr. Kramer be granted full physical custody; and Mrs. Kramer be granted visitation rights. References Davis, L. & Keyser, J. (1997). Becoming the Parent You Want to Be. Broadway Books New York, p. 391. Eisenberg, A. , Murkoff, H. E. & Hathaway, S. E. (1996). What To Expect The Toddler Years. Workman Publishing New York p. 792. Retrieved May 11, 2007 from http://www. healthline. com/galecontent/child-custody-laws

Greek Mythology: Artemis Essay

Greek mythology is a religion filled with myths and legends used to tell stories that explain how some things came to be or to teach lessons. In Greek mythology, Artemis is a very popular goddess with many traits and attitudes therefore there are many myths regarding her in particular. Artemis is the goddess of the hunt, wilderness, wild animals, female fertility, childbirth, and the moon (â€Å"Artemis (Diana)†). Daughter of Zeus and Leto, Artemis is very strong very capable of defending herself against others. She is against men, marriage, and the limitations it sets for the rights of women (Regula). She is also mentioned and involved in many myths throughout Greek mythology. Artemis is the daughter of Zeus and Leto. In some stories, Artemis was thought to have been birthed by Demeter instead of Leto but in other Egyptian legends, its states that she was the offspring of Dionysus and Isis, while Leto was the caretaker. She also has a twin brother named Apollo (Atsma). They were both born under a palm tree at the same time on the island of Delos (Regula). In other stories, Artemis was supposedly brought into this world earlier than Apollo to nurse her mother through the birth of her other sibling (Atsma). Artemis is in charge of the moon, childbirth, wild animals, and female fertility (â€Å"Artemis (Diana)†) She was never fond with men. She promised to be a sworn virgin forever while she runs the forest with her fellow maiden friends. She has even been known to kill peeping men for spying on her while bathing (Regula). Artemis, being twins in all, was almost the feminine Apollo. He handled the young women while he was in charge of the young men. The symbols of her are the silver bow and arrow

Kayte Clark Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Kayte Clark - Case Study Example According to the US Employment Law different employee unions are not required to ask for such formal permissions prior to contacting any employee. Therefore Kayte accepted their request and allowed them to meet the employees but the company heads including CEO reacted negatively on her action. They passed a notice to the employees stating that Kayte does not have any right to allow employee unions in the organization. Later she was given a onetime retirement offer excluding all the social security and funding benefits. This was supposed to be accepted then and there but she refused to admit it. Consequently, after two weeks she was terminated. Her sudden termination from the organization represents a clear case of retirement discrimination which will be discussed in detail with reference to Employee Retirement Income Security Act: Title VII, The recommendations of National Labor Relations Board and State Torts. This shall be further linked with the elements she must prove for a prima facie case and the awards and damages that she must receive in return. Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA): Title VII Title VII of ERISA covers all the rights of employees while safeguarding them from any social or organizational harm. This is one of the most unique laws in USA as it is solely based upon the individuals who are currently working in an organization rather than contractors or unemployed people. Title VII consists of three fundamental tests through which legal associates recognize that whether an employee falls under this category or not. These include: Agency test i.e. the rights and control of employer over the activities of employees, Economic Realities test which defines the economic dependency of employee over the employer and lastly the Hybrid test which is the combination of agency test and economic test. In addition to this, the legal authorities scrutinize the employment claims as per the duration given to review the contract, nature of agreement either related to employment or retirement, the peculiar terms and conditions and the overall education and experience of the employee. This law is highly applicable in cases such as the one of Kayte because she had significant education and experience in the same organization. Moreover, the time given to Kayte in order to review the retirement package was insufficient neither she was given the opportunity to seek counseling from the company heads. National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) NLRB is primarily responsible to improve the working conditions for employees while protecting their wage rights. It guarantees the right of forming an employees’ union in an organization while terminating the inefficient unions or employee groups. Moreover, it encourages the employees to join unions even without the consent of their employer so as to seek social and economic protection. Hence Kayte’s decision to allow the employee union in the organization is justified on the basis of N LRB elements. Furthermore the rules and regulations of National Labor Relations Board are applicable to every employee working at the level of local, state or federal government, in agricultural sector or in domestic service. It also extends protection to people who are employed by their family members or those who work as contractors. This represents that Kayte can easily

Discussion Question Week 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Discussion Question Week 7 - Essay Example Leaders such as Adolf Hitler of Germany brought about many social changes in his society, so did partitioning of India in 1947.Man ,therefore, being a social being brings about social change to his society. The third means is economic factor. Thus the stratification of individuals in various classes shapes the society’s nature. Education is a key factor here and as people become socially conscious, making money, they positively influence their society and thus affect their lives including living standards, culture, languages and routine life. Fourth means that can change a society is industrialization that encompasses setting up of industrial parks and townships, trade unionism as well as urbanization. Industrialization therefore leads to liberalization, globalization and privatization; factors that all influence the economy of a given society (Andersen & Taylor, 2013). Factors influencing resistance to change include firstly religion-religious groups may impose their dogma on the entire society, leading to battles since several countries have diverse religions. Second factor is perceptions and beliefs that also act as hindrance to social change, for instance the fundamental rights of minorities such as lesbians and gays, race, color, gender etc ought to never be ignored in support of the majority (Andersen & Taylor, 2013). 2. The 3 types of legitimate authority as defined by Weber include; legal authority which basically is on the basis of a system of regulations that are exercised judicially and administratively according to principles that are known. The individuals administering such regulations are elected or appointed by a legally instituted process. In addition, superiors are under such regulations, hence their powers are limited and have their private lives completely separated from their official duties, which normally entail written documentation

Examples of Administrative Behavior that Raise Questions about Assignment

Examples of Administrative Behavior that Raise Questions about Organizational Ethics - Assignment Example ‘A story on the outside business,’ is a video demonstrating how some employees use government time and property to pursue their own businesses. This is not allowed by the law, and it is also ethically wrong. There are two things in this issue. Going against the law and going against the code of ethics. Going against the law is wrong, and it is also not morally correct to use government property and time to pursue personal businesses. The woman in the video is shown using government phone, computer, and time to make calls to an outside individual about a property that was on sale. She expects to get a commission from the business deal. There are ethical codes that guide public service behavior. Such areas provided by specific organizations in which an employee works, the government, and the American Society for Public Administration (ASPA). In this case, reference will be made to guidance as provided by ASPA and the government. ASPA indicates that it has the responsibility to develop a responsible professionalism spirit among public service workers and sectors. It also affirms that it has the responsibility to increase awareness and commitment to ethical standards and principles among public service workers. The society, therefore, provides codes of ethics to guide behavior in the public service. ASPA code of ethics number 1 requires advancement of public interest. An employee is expected to put public service above service to oneself. This code was violated by the employee who took her office time to make outside deals (ASPA, 2013). Â  Other codes that were violated by the employee according to ASPA are; ethical code number 6 which requires demonstration of personal integrity, and code number 8 which requires promotion of professional excellence. According to number six, the employee is expected to adhere to certain standards of conduct that will inspire public trust and confidence in the organization. Sh e did not do that. Number eight required her to act ethically and competently; she also failed to do that (ASPA, 2013).

Education Can Have Profound Affects On Students Identity Essay

Education Can Have Profound Affects On Students Identity - Essay Example This can be simply assessed by the negative or pessimistic behavior that those students might have about life or other people. They might develop negative or pessimistic attitudes even about God or they might come up with deep feelings of angst, fear and guilt or an insane preoccupation in relation to sin. So it is obvious that any worldview shapes the actions and guides the behaviors of its beholder. What is learned in school will eventually surface in life or in the identity of the students. In this line of thought, school administrators and teachers should be extremely careful on the contents and ways of managing any learning institution. It is also necessary to find solutions in the direction of implementing change and transformation in the inner circles of faculty and staff. One specific educational issue that it's being address lately with due emphasis is the achievement gap among different groups of students according to economic, political and social backgrounds. In the United States this educational issue has taken a radical turn after President George W. Bush and his Administration passed as law the "No Child Left Behind Act 2001". This new law is aimed at improving the performance of all students in the United States and it firmly stresses that it is necessary to ensure that no student gets trapped in a failing school. Among its new features, the No Child Left Behind Act includes "increased accountability for States, school districts, and schools; greater choice for parents and students, particularly those attending low-performing schools; more flexibility for States and local educational agencies (LEAs) in the use of Federal education dollars; and a stronger emphasis on reading, especially for our youngest children." (No Children Left Behind, 200 4). On the other hand, The Education Trust was established in 1990 by the American Association for Higher Education, and it aims that all students at all levels of education get a high academic achievement in order to close forever the achievement gaps that separate minority or poverty-stricken students from the most favored class of students. This institution is positively engaged in closing the achievement gap among all the students in the United States at all costs. Craig Jerald, Senior Policy Analyst at the Education Trust, sums up his research on this issue with the significant result that shows that "there are thousands of schools nationwide that have poverty rates and/or minority enrollments in the top third of their respective states and also had top-third scores on one or more state assessments." (Jerald, 2002). Jerald and Kati Haycok, Director of The Education Gap, suggested that a school system won't be judged as successful unless it teaches successfully all kinds of students. They also stated that "despite what many administrators learned in graduate school, newer, more sophisticated research shows that it is not just poverty or family background that determines student achievement. What schools do does matter." (Jerald & Haycok, 2002). Their recommendations are based on a common agenda of five priority points: 1.- The Bully Pulpit: Take responsibility for raising achievement and closing achievement gaps-in word and deed. 2.- Standards: Use standards to reshape instruction. 3.- Curriculum: Provide all students with a rigorous

Week #3 Learning Activity Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week #3 Learning Activity - Essay Example Large companies can tap an international labor force who can offer distinct local knowledge, competencies, and networks, and any other form of local and national advantages (Cullen and Parboteeah 265). Large companies also have recognized worldwide brands that do not need much marketing push. As a result, small businesses have to rely on firsthand research or secondary researches that are free, but not comprehensive or intensive, to design simple marketing strategies that they can afford. Small businesses have to invest on marketing strategies or tactics to improve brand awareness and brand loyalty for their businesses. Owners usually act as researchers too, in order to save money, while ensuring competitiveness: â€Å"The better a small business understands its customers, the better off it will be† (Chapter 6: Marketing Basics 21). The trend of the barrier is getting more intense in time as large companies merge or acquire other smaller companies (Cullen and Parboteeah 265). Internationalization is a strategic move that many large companies are taking advantage of which improves their brand equity across international markets (Cullen and Parboteeah 265). Small businesses do not need to match the marketing strategies and expenses of their large competitors, but scale down marketing research to fit the marketing mix that they can meet the expense of (Chapter 6: Marketing Basics 11). This way, small businesses can understand their strengths and use them to optimize market opportunities and to reduce market threats, especially competition from large

Personal Bankruptcy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Personal Bankruptcy - Essay Example Section 316 of the Act requires the creditors to mention any additional income such as those from family is expected in the following year. A petitioner whose bankruptcy case had been previously adjudicated will have to wait for 8 years before filing another claim. The new act also allows conversions of liquidation into wage earner plans and liquidation cases in which the debtor’s income falls under a certain level will only be considered. Petitioner can use the exemptions allowed by the state only if they have resided in the state for at least 730 days. With regard to their houses, the creditors are allowed to exempt the first $125,000 of the value only if the home was purchased within a period of 1215 days. In case a tenant, who is using the home for illegal purposes, files a bankruptcy against the owner, section 311 of the Act would still allow the owner to evict the tenant. Credit card charges made for purchase of luxury goods for a minimum of $500 should be paid within 90 days of the credit and the limits for cash advances are $750 and student loans are dischargeable according to section 310 of the Act. However, the Act still protects the $1,000,000 of a debtor’s retirement benefits. The education savings account is also exempted if the funds have been placed into the account one or two years prior to filing for bankruptcy. In case of auto loans, if a debtor files for bankruptcy, he would be expected to pay only a secured portion of the auto loan in order to retain the vehicle with him. In case of liquidation fillings the petitioner will have to pay the alimony and child support required from him before payment of any other non-secured debt according to section 212. Section 314 of the new act has also ruled that many unnecessary types of debts which fall under chapter 13 will no longer be applicable. The credit system was the center of the federal bankruptcy reform passed in 2005 and these

Social Responsibility and Timberland Essay Example for Free

Social Responsibility and Timberland Essay How would you characterize Timberlands exercise of its corporate power in society? Timberland uses its corporate power in society not only to make a profit, but to help others. It is a rarity for a company to go as far as Timberland has gone to make a huge difference in society. Whether participating in its City Year to Service program that serves its communities; or becoming carbon neutral, Timberland has paved the way and reflects a company that not only cares about its communities, but also cares about the environment. I would characterize Timberland’s exercise of its corporate power in society as â€Å"Corporate Social Responsibility†. That is, timberland is being socially responsible towards society and it is acting in a way that enhances society. By exercising its power, Timberland is practicing the â€Å"iron law of responsibility† which says that in the long run, those who do not use power in ways that society considers responsible will tend to lose it. Moreover, by acting in the general public interest, Timberland is following the â€Å"Stewardship Principle† Yes, Timberland is engaging multiple stakeholders in its business operations, starting from Timberland’s management (CEO- Jeff Swartz) who is has managerial duties at Timberland and he is personally involved in the social activities sponsored by Timberland. Timberland’s employees are main stakeholders who in addition to their job tasks at Timberland are participating voluntarily in its social activities. The community service organization (City Year) is another stakeholder which is supported financially by Timberland. Non-profit organizations which benefit from the grants Timberland makes annually are also stakeholders for the company. Other communities and society members who benefit from Timberland’s community services activities are another set of stakeholders to Timberland. Q2) Has Timberland balanced its economic and social responsibilities through its various programs, such the Path to Service program and sustainability goals? Are the company’s programs examples of enlightened self-interest?

A Study On Unethical Behavior In Sport Sport Essay

A Study On Unethical Behavior In Sport Sport Essay The most important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part; the essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well. This phrase was said by the founder of the Olympics, Baron Pierre de Coubertin. Where has this Olympic message gone to? Nowadays, it seems like everyone is only interested in the medals. Where is the motto of the Olympics; Citius, altius, fortius swifter, higher, stronger, which can be interpreted as â€Å"striving to beat ones personal best† (Introduction: Its not the, 2010). When I was younger, and still competing, I remember people telling me that it is not important to win, but to take part. Nowadays, sport is all about money. If you have money, you can be better, stronger and more successful. But what about the ethical issue? Is todays sport with all the money, commercialization, drug abuse and bribing still ethical? Can we be sure that the winner is really the best, not just the one who paid off the referees, or the one who has taken performance enhancing drugs? In my opinion, sport in general has become more about the money than the true competition within the fair-play and has gone far beyond what was sometimes called a celebration of the fittest, therefore unethical behavior in sport industry has increased rapidly. Competition by itself â€Å"is not unethical†. It is normal that the success in the competition be rewarded. Competition is essential to sport as a good motivator; it pushes each individual to strive for his/her best. â€Å"Celebrating achievement† is also not unethical† either, â€Å"but it can drive some competitors to unethical behavior† (Introduction: Its not the, 2010). In current sport industry, there are many forms of unethical behavior starting from players and referees all the way to the media and fans. At first, we need to clarify what the fair play means, as a synonym to ethics in sport. In sport fair play â€Å"means using only tactics that are in accord with the spirit of the sport†. Unfortunately, many athletes do not follow this fair play rules to achieve the victory, but use other unfair methods, sometimes â€Å"dubious but legal, sometimes illegal. Players These days, professional players, athletes or sportsmen earn gigantic amounts of money. They do not only represent themselves as individual, but many times, they are the icons of certain brands. These brands create multi-million contracts with athletes in order to connect their brand with excellent performance of the athletes. Therefore, these athletes are put under enormous pressure, not only from their teams, but also from their sponsors. Besides this fact, many of the professional athletes represent the icons, or are role models to many young people all over the world, so the pressure is even bigger. This creates fertile conditions for unethical behavior, sometimes unintentionally, sometimes on purpose.   Being unfair, does not have to necessarily mean illegal, but it can still be referred to as cheating. Such forms of cheating may be distracting your opponents during the game or the race by saying different rude things to your opponents, also â€Å"misrepresenting ones skills is another technique, where you make your opponent over or underestimate you, which may benefit the athlete. These examples are not against the rules, but certainly could be referred to as unethical behavior. Another example of unethical behavior especially favorite among football players is called faking or simulation of the foul. This has been incorporated in to the rules of football because of the frequent misuse by players (Rules and Regulations, 2010). The most concerned unethical behavior among players is using performance enhancing drugs. This form of cheating is illegal, and doping controls cost international federations lots of money. Performance enhancing drugs â€Å"are any substance taken to perform better athletically†, or are also called anabolic steroids (Performance-Enhancing Drug, n.d.). The taking of such drugs not only enhances your performance, but it causes serious health problems. This issue is not only a problem of health of the abusers, but these athletes are role models for many young people, so if the case reveals, young people can copy their models in order to win. We are living in a very competitive world with everyone trying to push the borders. That is why many people start using drugs; they are unable to keep up with the others, who might also use doping. There is a long list of forbidden substances created by anti-doping agencies, but there is still a big controversy. Some of the medically prescrib ed drugs contain forbidden substances and even this is being misused (Guler, 2003). Taking drugs is unethical, but also very questionable, because the use of â€Å"enhancement substances†¦ dates back to Ancient Greek†, where athletes were taking some natural products to enhance their performance (Performance-Enhancing Drug, n.d.). There are debates, to create two categories of sport, one â€Å"clean† and another one where steroids will be allowed. Cycling is one of the sports where doping is used. Lance Armstrong has been accused several times for using such drugs, but it has never been confirmed. Many people think he must have taken something, because of his extraordinary performance at The Tour de France. Another case with the use of doping was revealed in 2003, it was â€Å"the biggest doping cover up†. In the 1988 Seoul Olympics, Ben Johnson, a Canadian sprinter, won a gold medal in a World record. But later, he was positively tested on a forbidden substance, so the medal was taken from him and given to Carl Lewis, the American athlete. But 15 years later, it was revealed that 19 American athletes who had not passed the drug tests â€Å"were allowed to compete at Olympic Games† from 1988 to 2000. Among them was Carl Lewis, who was given the gold medal, after Ben Johnson was disqualified (10 Drug scandals, 2003). As we can see in the table below, the number of athletes that failed the drug tests has an increasing potential. This is not a good sign for the sport, it gives bad impression. Many athletes that failed the tests publicly claim that the others are using it as well; they just have not got caught yet. I have had a personal experience with unethical behavior of players. When I was a cross country skier, I heard about some of my colleagues taking some kind of performance enhancing substances. I refused to be like them, because I believe in clean sport, and it was against my values and principles, but on the other hand, I was never the best. I think this is the issue of taking such drugs, which some people, even if they prepare, and train their hardest, never win, so they are frustrated and agree to take these drugs to equal to their competitors. Referees In this group, bribery is very common and unethical practice. Referees are also exposed to enormous pressure since there is a lot of money involved in the sport, therefore winning can sometimes be achieved by other way then just a matter of chance. If the team is about to fall out of the first league, or it is a very important match, referees might be bribed to make decisions in favor of only one party. Mostly this is the case in countries were referees have low salaries, therefore they are very vulnerable to accept a bribe. Referees should be honest, and their top value should not be money, otherwise they are very likely to be bribed (Guler, 2003).   Referee can also influence the game unintentionally, without being bribed. It is because referees are also only humans, and humans make mistakes. In some sports, referees have to make decisions in milliseconds, where technology is being used to help the referees out if they are not sure about the call. In hockey for example, there is also a video referee, in cases the main referees on the ice do not see what happened. Also in tennis, a new technological feature was introduced, a â€Å"Hawk-eye†, which is an â€Å"electronic line-calling system†. This feature is used when a tennis player challenges the line call. The questioned call is replayed on the screen, and the new call is then made (TENNIS: Hawk-Eye, 2007). Many people would like to see such feature in football, where a video- referee would be included, and there would also be cameras inside the net to show whether the ball passes the line or not in disputable cases. Betting is another situation, when referees are being paid off. There was one case in the NBA, where a referee was pleaded guilty in 2007 for receiving $ 5000 bribe in a betting case (NBA Referee Tim Donaghy, 2007). Media Television and the radio are also to be blamed for unethical behavior in sport. These two are the main form of commercializing the entire sport industry. The entire pressure we talked about before is derived from the media advertising and commercializing. It is questionable to what extent does the media tell the truth about the player or the team. The evaluations from the media can be biased as well. A private television can be a partner of a sport team, and they can intentionally create a better picture for their viewers about that concrete team. This is also very unethical. Sport journalist or commentators can favor one team or the other, and his evaluation of this team can be biased compared to the reality, and so the public may perceive it this way too. Media can very easily destroy the whole reputation of certain player or entire team (Guler, 2003). On one side, it is good to have media, because we can watch many different matches all over the world, but on the other side, the pressure of the media on the industry is enormous. While I was in the United States, I went to an American football match. I remember Notre Dame was playing against the Navy. It was a great experience for me, but what surprised me, that the game was interrupted by the referee, for the advertisement in the media. I thought it was kind of annoying, an also unfair for both teams of the game, because they were interrupted in the middle of the action. Fans This group is also connected to sport ethics, even though fans do not get any money from the actual sport, instead they have to pay to watch it. Some groups think that if they pay for the match, they have the â€Å"right to act against the rules†. For some fans it is hard to understand that not only their team must win, but also the opponent has the same chance to win. There are fans that †[believe] everything is fair for [their] team to win†, which is different from supporting the team. Such fans are called â€Å"hooligans† or â€Å"ultras† in Slovakia, and their actions are sometimes very unethical. Such fans are many times very aggressive either towards referees, players, innocent fans, or also to the property around (Guler, 2003). In Slovakia, it was this years ice- hockey play-offs between Slovan Bratislava and HC Kosice, where the Slovan fans pulled out a transparent with this heading: â€Å"Julo, is it true your girlfriend has cheated on you?† Julo is a Kosices goalkeeper, and I know personally his girlfriend. I think this was very unethical, very offending. Such a behavior should not be present at sporting events, because it is against fair play. This might be a failure of the organizers, and also of the law, because it is sometimes ridiculous, what the hooligans are capable of. As mentioned above, the sport environment is becoming more and more connected with unethical behavior. Sport as such, should be â€Å"creating unity, promoting values and community pride†. It can affect peoples lives and therefore, everyone involved in sport from coaches, parents, athletes, fans to referees should try to make it as fair and enjoyable as possible. Not only rules are important in sport, but also values and morals. It is essential for the coaches to teach their athletes what behavior is good and fair, because people have different values, and some of them cannot even distinguish between what is good and what is bad. According to Ms. Sandler, these four values are â€Å"the most important†¦in sport ethics†: fairness, integrity, respect and equity (Sandler, 2009). Integrity, according to Cambridge dictionary, means â€Å"having strong moral principles that you refuse to change†. Fairness means to treat people fairly and equally. Equity in a meaning that everyone should be treated equally, and finally respect; athletes should treat others with honor. In order to be ethical while enrolling in sport activity, these steps should be remembered: â€Å"Glory cannot be owned†. Everyone can get a hold of it, but not for ever. â€Å"Dont give up after the bad game†. Bad games should only make us more prepared. Success does not have to mean happiness in sport. If you do not find self- respect, you will not be happy. â€Å"Successful athletes do not have enemies†. We should respect our competitors, rather than looking for ways how to attack them (Sandler, 2009). As I suggested in the introduction, I think sport has become unethical. While in the past, in the ancient Greece, when there were Olympics, no wars were allowed, everyone was celebrating the beauty and the art of sport. People were cheering all together, and when the winner came up, they treated him with respect. Unlike today, when we have Olympic Games, we are worried about the terrorist attacks and anti-doping controls have to be run to ensure the fair-play.   I am against the doping or any other steroid use, therefore I support the clean sport without any performance enhancing drugs. I think there should be more serious penalties for abusing drugs. It should be part of our educational system to educate young children about the cons of using such substances. Also the morality in sport and ethics in general needs to be improved. Nowadays people, young kids especially are being very aggressive towards each other, which leads to similar consequences as mentioned. Fans fight against the fans of other clubs, people are afraid to go to a football match with their kids. I also think sport should not be sponsored so much by corporate businesses, and the salaries and transfer fees should be much lower. I think it is unbelievable, how much money some of the best players or athletes earn. If we imagine there are people on this planet that do not have their basic needs satisfied, it is against the logic. On the other hand, there are people supporting doping and the use of steroids in sport, claiming that they want to see the borders of human ability to be pushed, and so are supportive. There are even people who would choose to die earlier, from the side effects of the steroids, just to be the best, to feel the glory. Ethics in sport is very important. Our culture has created this competitive hatred against each other along with all the money involved in the present form of sport. Sport can have a huge influence on people therefore we should try to stop the unethical issues around it. We have to understand that it is not possible to win every time. What is important to learn is how to handle losing in a way it can help us in the future. Even if we lose, it is important to show respect to our competitors. We, the people on Earth have caused this turn-over of what was sometimes a celebration, to so called â€Å"sport† full of hatred, jealousy and shortcuts, therefore it is up to the mankind to decide which way are we going to follow. References 10 Drug Scandals. (2003, January 19). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http://www.cbc.ca/ sports/indepth/drugs/stories/top10.html Guler, N. (2003, December 31). Ethics in sports. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http://erc .forumone.com/resource/ethics-sports Introduction: Its not the winning. (2010). Retrieved   May 27, 2010 from http://www.bbc.co .uk/ethics/sport/overview/introduction.shtml NBA Referee Tim Donaghy Cops to a Plea Deal. (2007, August 16). Mirror on America. Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http://mirroronamerica.blogspot.com/2007/08/nba-referee-tim-donaghy-cops-to-plea.html Performance-Enhancing Drug Resources. (n.d.). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http:// www.drugfreesport.com/drug-resources/performance-enhancing-drugs-steroids.asp Rules and Regulations. (2010). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http://www.bbc.co.uk/ ethics/sport/fair/fairplay.shtml Sandler, L. (2009, January 26). Ethics in Sport. Retrieved May 26, 2010, from http:// ezinearticles.com/?Ethics- ­in- ­Sportid=1921824 TENNIS: Hawk-Eye to give fans eagle-eye view of tight calls. (2007, March 6). Retrieved May 27, 2010 from http://www.independent.ie/sport/tennis-hawkeye-to-give-fans-eagleeye-view-of-tight-calls-48321.html